Method for manufacturing mixed fertilizers



Aug. 2g E932. H. HExMANN METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MIXED FERTILIZERSFiled May lO, 1928 Marra/RE 0F fic/o5* NVETOR,

Patented Aug.4 1--932 y 4mural) STATES PATENT c nrlci:

HINRICH HEmANN, OF DESSAU IN ANHALT, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO I. G. FARBEN-INDUSTRIE `.A KTIENG'IESELLSCHAIET OF CORPORATION O1' .....M'ANY yFRANKFORT-ON-THEQILAIN, GERMANY, A

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MIXED FRTILIZERS Application lled Hay 10, 1928,Serial No.

The present invention relates to mixed fertilizers and to so-calledcomplete fertilizers which may be made directly in a single operation,that is to say, Without previous manu- 6 facture of the components, bylspraying a 10 may be highly diluted there may be substituted partlytheir ammonium salts; other fertilizing salts, such as potash salts, maybe dissolved or suspended in the acids which are to be sprayed by meansof the gas or Vapour. In this manner there may be obtained mixedfertilizers, which can be satisfactorily strewn, and even contain two ormore components or even constitute complete ferilizers containing thefertilizingconstituents in the correct proportion. If the proportion ofwater in thev dilute acids used ,is so large that the heat of reactiondoes notsuice to evaporate it completely the product can be driedsubsequently.

The apparatus used in my process is only a simple one. In theaccompanying'drawing a preferred form of the apparatus is shown inl avertical section. Obviously, any other apparatus of this kind may beused. In the drawing 1 is a closed reaction vessel, 2 is an inletY tubefor the mixture of acids bearing on its one end a spraying nozzle 3.4.is an inlet tube for ammonia, provided with a nozzle 5 which surroundsthe nozzle 3. 6 is an outlet tube provided with a valve 7 guidingammonia in excess to a washing tower (not shown).

It has been proposed to make ammonium salts by scattering thecorresponding aqueous acid in an ammoniacal atmosphere or by addingammonia under pressure but the manufacture of mixed fertilizers orcomplete fertilizers containing several fertilizing salts y constitutesa valuable technical advance.

The following examples illustrate the invention without limiting it, thepartsbeing. by weight:

Ewample 1. A warm mixture of 40 parts of ammonium nitrate in the fdrm ofa solution of 90 per cent. strength and 44.5 arts of sulf uric acid inthe form of a' so ution of 72 'volume of ammonia.

276,815, and 1n Germany :une 11, 1927.

per cent. strength is sprayed into a reaction chamber by means of such aquantity 'of a mixture of 3 volumes of air and 1 volume of ammonia gasthat the ammonia is present in the proportion exceeding by about 10 percent. that required theoretically. The mixture of salts thus obtainedsettles in the form of a more or less fine powder and is continuouslyremoved from the chamber by a conveying device. 'The excess of ammoniaisabsorbed in a washing tower. The mixed fertilizer made in accordancewith this example contains 26.5 per cent. of nitrogen.

Example 2. 29 parts of ammonium sulfate are dissolved in a mixture of26.6 parts of phosphoric acid in the form of a solution of v85 per cent.strength and 27.7 parts of HNOS in the form of a solution of per cent.strength. The mixture is sprayed by means of a warm mixture of 4 volumesof air and 1 There is thus obtained a-fertilizer having about 25.5 percent. of N and 19 per cent. of P205.

It is obvious to all skilled in the art that the invention is notlimited to the foregoing examples or to the details given therein. If

for instance 76.5 parts of potassium chloridel containing potassiumequivalent to 57.5 per cent. KZO are added to the mixture of ammoniumsulfate and free acids described in Example 2 there is obtained acomplete fertilizer having 15.5 per cent. N, 11.4 per cent. P20, and23.2 per cent. KzO.

1. A process for manufacturing mixed fertilizers which comprisesspraying a mixture of mineral acids and fertilizer salt solutions intoareaction chamber simultaneously with gaseous ammonia.

2. A process for manufacturing mixed fer-- tilizers which comprisesspraying a mixture of ammonium sulfate dissolved in phosphoric acid, ofnitric acid, and of a potassium chloride solution into a reactionchamber simultaneously gaseous ammonia.

In testimony whereof, I axmy si ature.

HEINRICH HEM NN.

